Mysterious Molten Layer Discovered Beneath the Moon’s Surface

Recent research by NASA and the University of Arizona has uncovered a surprising and fascinating phenomenon beneath the surface of the Moon. A layer of low-viscosity material, often compared to goo, is located between the Moon’s mantle and its metal core. This gooey layer rises and falls, similar to ocean tides on Earth, and is thought to be influenced by the gravitational forces of the Earth and Sun.

Lunar Tides and Gravitational Forces

The study, published in the journal AGU Advances, explains that the Moon experiences tidal forces from both the Earth and the Sun. These forces cause the mysterious layer beneath the Moon’s surface to shift, marking the first time scientists have measured the Moon’s yearly gravity changes due to these lunar tides.

This discovery aligns with long-held theories about the Moon’s interior but raises new questions. One of the biggest mysteries is how this molten-like layer formed and what keeps it warm enough to remain in its semi-liquid state.

NASA’s Study of the Moon’s Interior

Scientists analyzed data from NASA’s Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) and the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter to investigate these movements beneath the lunar surface. These tools allowed researchers to measure the Moon’s gravitational changes monthly and yearly.

The results indicate that only models with a softer layer at the bottom of the mantle match the data, suggesting the presence of what is known as a “partial melt.” This discovery points to significant thermal activity deep within the Moon’s interior.

Ongoing Questions and Lunar Geology

While the study offers groundbreaking insights, it also leaves several questions unanswered. Scientists still need to determine exactly how this molten layer remains heated, its full composition, and how this internal movement impacts the Moon’s overall geological evolution.

The research marks a significant step forward in understanding the Moon’s internal structure and has broader implications for lunar exploration. The existence of this semi-molten zone could reveal more about the Moon’s thermal state and its long-term development.